Article 2232

RA 386 · Civil Code of the Philippines

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In contractual cases, exemplary damages may be awarded if the defendant acted in a wanton, fraudulent, reckless, oppressive, or malevolent manner.

Official text — RA 386

In contracts and quasi-contracts, the court may award exemplary damages if the defendant acted in a wanton, fraudulent, reckless, oppressive, or malevolent manner.

Source: lawphil.net (RA 386 as amended)

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