Article 449
RA 386 · Civil Code of the PhilippinesKey provision
ELI5— what this means for you
A builder in bad faith (one who knows the land belongs to another) forfeits everything built without right to indemnity — and is additionally liable for damages.
Official text — RA 386
He who builds, plants or sows in bad faith on the land of another, loses what is built, planted or sown without right to indemnity. (362)
Source: lawphil.net (RA 386 as amended)
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