Article 2154

RA 386 · Civil Code of the PhilippinesKey provision

ELI5— what this means for you

Solutio indebiti (payment of what is not owed): if you accidentally pay someone what you don't actually owe them, they are obliged to return it. Keeping the overpayment creates an obligation to return.

Key point

If a bank mistakenly credits your account, you must return it — keeping it is unjust enrichment.

Official text — RA 386

If something is received when there is no right to demand it, and it was unduly delivered through mistake, the obligation to return it arises. (1895)

Source: lawphil.net (RA 386 as amended)

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